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Spray Tips and Nozzles

The information in the chart below applies to most spray applications. However, because there are so many different types and sizes of spray nozzles, the effects may vary in each specific application. In some applications, there are "inter-related" factors which may "balance-out" certain effects. For instance in the case of a hollow cone spray nozzle, increasing the temperature of the liquid decreases the specific gravity thereby producing a greater flow rate while at the same time decreasing the viscosity which reduces the flow.

Viscosity

Absolute (dynamic) viscosity is the property of a liquid which resists change in the shape or arrangement of its elements during flow. Liquid viscosity is a primary factor affecting spray pattern formation and, to a lesser degree, capacity. High viscosity liquids require a higher minimum pressure to begin formation of a spray pattern and provide narrower spray angles as compared to those of water. The general effects of a viscosity other than that of water are shown in the summary chart below.

Temperature

The values given are based on spraying water at 70ºF (21ºC). Although liquid temperature changes do not affect the spray performance of a nozzle they often affect viscosity, surface tension, and specific gravity which do influence spray nozzle performance. For the effects of temperature changes on spray nozzle performance see the summary chart below.

Surface Tension

The surface of a liquid tends to assume the smallest possible size; acting, in this respect, like a membrane under tension. Any portion of the liquid surface exerts a tension upon adjacent portions or upon other objects with which it is in contact. This force is in the plane of the surface and its amount per unit of length is surface tension. Its value for water is about 73 dynes per cm at 70ºF (21ºC). The main effects of surface tension are on minimum operating pressure, spray angle and drop size.

The property of surface tension is more apparent at low operating pressures. A higher surface tension reduces the spray angle, particularly on hollow cone and flat fan spray nozzles. Low surface tensions can allow a nozzle to be operated at a lower pressure. See the summary chart below for the general effects of surface tension on spray nozzle performance.

	Increase in Operating Pressure	Increase in Specific Gravity	Increase in Viscosity	Increase in Fluid Temperature	Increase in Surface Tension
Pattern Quality	Improves	Negligible	Deteriorates	Improves	Negligible
Capacity	Increases	Decreases	*	**	No Effect
Spray Angle	Increases Then Decreases	Negligible	Decreases	Increases	Decreases
Drop Size	Decreases	Negligible	Increases	Decreases	Increases
Velocity	Increases	Decreases	Decreases	Increases	Negligible
Impact	Increases	Negligible	Decreases	Increases	Negligible
Wear	Increases	Negligible	Decreases	**	No Effect

* Full cone and hollow cone increase; flat spray decreases

** Depends on fluid being sprayed and spray nozzle used

WashJet MEG Series 
High Pressure Washing

WashJet high pressure spray nozzles operate at pressures from 300 to 4000 psi and feature a high impact solid stream (0°) or flat spray pattern with spray angle of 5° to 65°. WashJet nozzles produce a uniform spray distribution of medium-sized droplets. The WashJet nozzle orifice is precision machined to accurately control flow rates. The orifice is recessed to protect against damage.
WashJets feature an internal guide vane which stabilizes liquid turbulence to provide maximum spray integrity and impact. The internal guide vane increases
spray projection distance and spray impact on flat spray nozzles.  When nozzles are mounted in tees, manifolds, or elbows, internal flow turbulence is created as liquid turns the corner and enters the nozzle.  This turbulence can significantly distort spray pattern uniformity.  Guide vanes minimize turbulence and increase spray distance on impact by concentrating the spray into a thinner, steadier pattern.
Milled flats on the WashJet nozzle body are parallel to the plane of the spray pattern, providing a quick visual reference for spray alignment.
MEG (MPT) and WEG (FPT) series WashJet nozzles feature specially hardened stainless steel construction for longer we life and flow control accuracy.

WashJet IMEG Series 
High Impact WashJet Spray Nozzle

Model IMEG nozzle utilizes a through hardening process to impart a hardened shield on the entire stainless steel nozzle body, providing superior chemical resistance.  Patent-pending internal design optimizes fluid dynamics to minimize turbulence and maximize spray pattern performance.  The result is higher impact per unit area and even impact distribution through the spray pattern.  The minimization of the turbulence improves efficiency and reduces nozzle wear.  Better cleaning and longer life from your tips.

WashJet SA MEG Series 
WashJet Without Internal Guide Vane

WashJet high pressure spray nozzles operate at pressures from 300 to 4000 psi and feature a high impact solid stream (0°) or flat spray pattern with spray angle of 5° to 65°. WashJet nozzles produce a uniform spray distribution of medium-sized droplets. The WashJet nozzle orifice is precision machined to accurately control flow rates. The orifice is recessed to protect against damage.
The SA MEG has no internal guide vane.
Milled flats on the WashJet nozzle body are parallel to the plane of the spray pattern, providing a quick visual reference for spray alignment.

VeeJet H-U Series 
Standard Type Spray Nozzles

Design Features
Standard VeeJet spray nozzles feature a high impact solid stream or flat spray pattern with spray angles of 0° to 110°.
They produce a uniform distribution of small to medium-sized droplets.
Specially tapered spray pattern edges provide even spray coverage when several nozzles with overlapping patterns are required.

H-U series VeeJet spray nozzles feature flow rates of greater than 1 gpm at 40 psi (3.9 liters per minute at 3 bar), and male pipe thread connections.

VeeJet H-VV Series
Standard Type Spray Nozzles

Design Features
Standard VeeJet spray nozzles feature a high impact solid stream or flat spray pattern with spray angles of 0° to 110°.
They produce a uniform distribution of small to medium-sized droplets.
Specially tapered spray pattern edges provide even spray coverage when several nozzles with overlapping patterns are required. 

H-VV series VeeJet spray nozzles feature flow rates below 1 gpm (3.9 liters per minute) and greater at 40 psi (3 bar), and male pipe thread connections.

23990

Specialty Spray Tips
High Pressure Washing

Spraying Systems Adjustable High/Low WashJet Nozzle
23990 Adjustable WashJet nozzle provides spray angles from solid stream to an 80° spray pattern to 2500 psi (175 bar). The model 23990 nozzle features a hardened stainless steel orifice for wear-resistant long life. The outer covering made of polypropylene for additional protection.

3324-2001

22040B

23500-1/4

For more information:
PDF documents • Nozzle Volume • Spray Coverage • 

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